英语情景对话：

A: What does your friend Jim do?

你的朋友吉姆是干什么的？

B: He is a teacher, but he makes a little money on the side by repairing cars in his free time.

他是一位教师，但是也在空闲时间修理汽车挣点钱。

A: He can repair cares? I cannot believe it.

他能修汽车？我真不敢相信。

B: Believe me, he is the first-class.

相信我，他修车技术是一流的。

习语：

on the side

解词释义：

side的本义是“侧面”。该习语直接翻译是“在侧面”，引申为“作为兼职”。

支持范例：

1. He is a mechanic who buys and sells cars on the side.

他是一个兼营买卖汽车的技工。

2. He's a teacher but he does some journalism on the side.

他是教师，可还兼职做一些新闻工作。

3. I also sell insurance on the side.

我也兼职做拉保险。

4. We told her that I do some handiwork on the side.

我们告诉了她我兼职做些手工活。

拓展讲解：

on the side除了有“作为兼职”的意思，还有“暗地里，秘密地”的意思。

支持范例：

1. She's married but she has a lover on the side.

她虽然已婚,但暗地里还有一个情人。

2. Maybe he boozes on the side.

也许他还暗地里酗酒。

英语学习笔记：

1. makes money：挣钱

He was a businessman, and therefore he always has an eye out for any opportunity to make money.

他是商人，总见钱眼开。

She scarcely makes enough money to make ends meet.

她几乎挣不到足够的钱以维持开支。

联想记忆：

make easy money：轻松挣钱，挣钱容易 make big money：挣大钱

make a little money：挣一点钱 make more money：挣更多的钱

2. in one's free time：在业余时间，在闲暇时间

He usually employs himself in reading in his free time.

在空闲时间他通常忙于阅读。

He augments his wages by working in his free time.

他在业余时间继续工作以增加工资收入。

英语情景对话：

A: Do naughty boys upset you?

你讨厌调皮的孩子吗？

B: Oh, no. On the whole, I would rather see children active.

喔，不讨厌。总的来说，我更为喜欢活泼的孩子。

A: What about the trouble they made.

如果他们闯祸了怎么办？

B: They are annoying sometimes.

那确实有点烦人。

习语：

on the whole

解词释义：

此语的意思是“大体上说来，总的看来”，其中的whole是名词，也可以做upon the whole。与之相似的on whole是表示“整个地，全部地”的意思。

支持范例：

My opinion is on the whole the same as yours.

我的意见大体上同你的差不多。

On the whole it's a good plan and we shouldn't nitpick.

总的来说，这个计划是好的，我们不应过于挑剔。

On the whole she had lived modestly, with a notable lack of ostentation.

大体上说，她生活俭朴，不事张扬。

Journalists on the whole don't create public opinion. They can help to nourish it.

大体说来记者不制造舆论。他们会助长舆论。

英语学习笔记：

1. would rather：宁可，宁愿

Eg. I would rather go out tonight, if you don't mind.

如果你不介意的话，我宁愿今晚出去。

Eg. They want a house, whereas we would rather live in a flat.

他们想要一座房子, 而我们宁愿住在一套房间里。

联想记忆：would rather...than...宁可.......也不......

Liu Hulan would rather die than surrender before the enemy.

刘胡兰在敌人面前宁死不屈。

He would rather die than live in dishonor.

他宁死不愿忍辱偷生。

2. make trouble：招来麻烦，闯祸

Eg. We decided not to implead them in case of make trouble.

我们决定不起诉他们，免得惹事生非。

Eg. It is typical of him to make trouble.

制造麻烦是他的特点。

联想记忆：

make the worst of one’s trouble：朝最坏的地方想，往最坏处想

make light of one’s trouble：对麻烦是满不在乎

make trouble by spreading rum ours：造言生事

make trouble on every hand：横生事端

口语句型：

What about...?

释义：......如何？......怎么样？

用法：用于征询别人的意见如何。使用时，about后面能接名词或动名词短语。

例句：What about the salary?

薪水怎么样？

They are very splendid. What about the price?

这些非常不错。价格怎么样呢？

What about washing the car on Sunday?

礼拜天洗车怎么样？

What about going for a row?

一起去划船好吗?

英语情景对话：

A: The river is much higher then the ground.

河比地还高。

B: How dangerous!

多危险呀！

A: Yes, it is.

是呀，很危险。

B: What if the river overflowed it’s bank?

河水要是涨过了岸，怎么办？

A: That would be disastrous.

那可遭殃了。

B: The whole city will get flooded?

整个城市就会被水淹了。

A: Of course. But that happens only once in a blue moon.

就是，不过那几百年也不见得会遇上一次。

习语：

once in a blue moon

解词释义：

根据观测，在一定条件下，即大气中含有一定数量的，大小合适的微尘时，太阳和月亮就会成深蓝色。这种微尘可能来自火山爆发，沙漠的风沙或森林大火。本身这种现象就已经较为罕见，那么蓝色的月亮就更为罕见了，因此人们用once in a blur moon来表示“难得有一次”、“极为罕见”和“千载难逢”的意思。

支持范例：

You get a chance like this only once in a blue moon.

这种机会你是很难得到的。

He gets drunk only once in a blue moon.

他难得喝醉酒。

Great writers like Mark Twain only appear once in a blue moon.

像马克吐温那样伟大的作家,是很罕见的。

He gives us a treat only once in a blue moon.

他招待我们一顿可真是千载难逢。

英语学习笔记：

1. overflow：vt. 淹没

Eg. Your bath is overflowing.

你澡盆里的水都溢出来了。

Eg. The river overflowed (its banks).

河水泛滥（溢过堤岸）了。

2. disastrous：adj. 灾难性的

Eg. The effect on coffee prices has been disastrous for the producers.

对咖啡价格的影响对生产商而言是灾难性的。

英语情景对话：

A: When she told me that she would marry no man but Dick, my heart was almost in my mouth.

当他告诉我除了迪克她谁也不嫁时，我吓得要命。

B: You were scared, too? I dared not tell you my feeling when I heard that. I almost go faint.

你也很害怕？我都没敢告诉你我听到这个消息时的感觉，我几乎要晕了。

A: I could not and can’t make out the reason why she would set her heart on a man like Dick. He plays the field with many girls.

我以前不能，现在也不能找出她只爱迪克的原因。他对许多女孩子都是逢场作戏。

B: But Sarah says she does not care, so long as he loves her.

但是萨拉告诉我她不在乎，只要他爱她。

习语：

one’s heart be in one’s mouth

解词释义：

one’s heart be in one’s mouth与汉语口语中的“心跳到嗓子眼里”的说法几乎形合意切。此语常用来比喻“吓得够呛”和“胆战心惊”。此外，此语还可以说成“have one’s heart in one’s mouth”或“with one’s heart on one’s mouth”。

支持范例：

"Gosh, Mary," said John, "My heart is in my mouth whenever I see you."

约翰说：“天啊，玛丽，不管那次见到你，我都吓得要命。”

It was a touching scene. My heart was in my mouth the whole time.

那真是惊心动魄的一幕，我的心一直跳到嗓子眼里。

I had my heart in my mouth when I heard the national anthem.

当我听到国歌时，我的心跳到了嗓眼子里。

I had my heart in my mouth when I went to ask the boss for more money.

我去向老板再要一些钱时心跳到了嗓子眼儿里。

英语学习笔记：

1. make out：把......清楚；理解；明白

At first I thought it was an accident, but as far as I can make out, the police consider that's unlikely.

起先我还以为是一场意外，但是据我了解，警方认为那不太可能。

The poem is so complicated that I cannot make out its meaning.

这首诗太复杂，我理解不了它的意思。

2. set her heart on：决心要......，很想要......

Ann hasset her heart on going to the festival.

安一心要去参加庆祝会。

Is Mary able to cotton with the man she's set her heart on?

我能与她倾心的男子和睦相处吗?

She has set her heart on going to work in the border regions.

她下定决心到边疆去工作。

She has set her heart on having a pearl necklace for her birthday.

她非常希望在她生日能得到一串珠宝项链。

3. play the field：（做事，恋爱）不专一，三心二意

He preferred play the field than go steady.

比起爱情专一，他更喜欢到处拈花惹草。

In general, I don't think she's a person that loves to date and play the field.

一般来说，我不觉得她是一个喜欢约会、喜欢游戏情场的人。

You'll never get Mark to go steady with you. He likes to play the field.

你跟马克的关系永远也稳定不下来。他喜欢广交女朋友。

4. so long as：只要

So long as we keep level - headed, there is no cause for alarm.

只要我们头脑清醒, 就不怕。

You will do all right so long as you follow my advice.

只要你听我的建议,你一定会做好的。

So long as one keeps calm, one doesn't feel the heat too much.

心静自然凉。

So long as what you do is right, I'll go along with you.

只要你们做得对，我都随着。

英语情景对话：

A: Mrs. Smith, you are always worried about your children.

史密斯太太，你总是牵挂着孩子。

B: They are my own flesh and blood. It’s hard for me to see them suffering.

他们都是我的骨肉，我不忍看到他们受苦。

A: That’s human being.

那是人的天性。

习语：

one’s own flesh and blood

解词释义：

flesh and blood是指“血和肉”，one’s own blood与汉语中的“自己的亲骨肉”无论是从意思上还是意义上都是相同的。

支持范例：

In fact, my son Mark is not my own flesh and blood.

实际上，我儿子马克不是我的亲骨肉。

I'll have to go to my aunt's funeral she was my own flesh and blood after all.

我得参加我姑姑的葬礼，她是我的亲人。

I must help them because they're my own flesh and blood.

我必须帮助他们，因为他们都是我的亲骨肉。

英语学习笔记：

1. worry about：担心，烦恼

Eg. Don't worry about him; he is a cheerful and elastic man.

别为他担心;他是个快活开朗的人。

Eg. Let them worry about how to get rid of the cars later.

让他们在日后为处理车子而发愁吧。

Eg. I shouldn't worry about a thing like that at your age.

我在你这个年纪，可不为这样的事犯愁。

Eg. After liberation we don't have to worry about making a living.

解放后我们不必为生活发愁了。

2. human being：人

Eg. Money is not an inherent part of the human being.

钱财身外物。

Eg. Each human being has to die, but mankind goes on world without end.

每个人都会死，但人类却永无止境。

Eg. I never heard you speak ill of a human being in my life.

我生平从来没听见你说人家的坏话。

Eg. Aunt Batty loved life as no other human being I ever knew loved life.

蓓蒂姨热爱生活，我从未见过第二个像她这样热爱生活的人。

口语句型：

It’s hard for sb to do something.

译文：某人做某事是痛苦的。

英语情景对话：

A: The country is strong only in appearance. Don’t you think so?

这个国家知识外表强大，你不这么认为吗？

B: Yes. In fact there are quite a large number of people who have no food to eat and no place to live in.

是的，实际上，有很多人没有饭吃，没房子住。

A: You can say that again. The government must open it’s eyes to the fact.

是啊，政府必须意识到这个事实。

习语：

open someone’s eyes to

解词释义：

此语的字面意思是“睁开某人的眼睛看某事”，引申比喻为“使某人意识到......”。该短语也可以用作open someone’s eye to。

支持范例：

He did not open his eyes to the danger.

他没有意识到有危险。

I don’t open my eyes to having offended him.

我没有意识到得罪了他。

I has opened my eyes to my making a mistake.

我意识到自己犯了一个错误。

All the while I have been opening my eyes to her nearness acutely.

我一直强烈地意识到她离我很近。

英语学习笔记：

1. in appearance：看起来，从外表上看

In appearance, he was a little like his father.

他看起来有点像他的父亲。

The reactionaries are fierce in appearance but feeble in reality.

反动派看起来很强大，实际上十分虚弱。

She resembles her sister in appearance but not in character.

她外貌上像她的姐姐，性格上却不同。

The landscape has remained predominantly rural in appearance.

这里的风景看上去还是以田园风光为主。

2. in fact：实际上，其实

He pretended not to know her but in fact they were in league together.

他假装不认识她，而实际上他们是串通一气的。

In fact, the rules were as unrealistic as they were archaic.

实际上这些规章既陈旧又不现实。

In fact, his business career had distinctly unpromising beginnings.

事实上，他的经商生涯从初期就明显前景暗淡。

They hope, in fact, to kill two birds with one stone.

他们实际上是想一举两得。

3. a large number of：大量的

注释：此短语后面接的是可数名词。

They choose us from a large number of students.

他们从大量学生中挑选了我们。

There were a large number of people at the football match.

有很多人看足球比赛。

He transacts business with a large number of stores.

他与很多商店进行交易。

实用口语：

You can say that again.

注释：这句话表示听话者同意对方说的话，相当于I agree with you. 因此，可以翻译为“你说得对。”或者是“我同意。”

英语情景对话：

A: Mary is really a diligent girl.

玛丽是一个勤奋的女孩。

B: What do you mean?

为什么这么说？

A: She learns to speak Latin by osmosis within three months.

她废寝忘食地在三个月内学会了拉丁语。

B: She is really something.

她真实了不起。

习语：

by osmosis

解词释义：

这是一个名词，本义是指“渗透，潜移默化”，和介词by搭配在口语中引申为“废寝忘食”、“埋头苦干”或者是“专心致志”等意思。此外，by osmosis在正规书面语中，当然可以表示“潜移默化地”的意思。

支持范例：

One of my friends learned French by osmosis while residing in Paris for 15 years.

我的一个朋友居住在巴黎的十五年中废寝忘食地学会了法语。

Children seem to learn about computers by osmosis.

儿童似乎不知不觉地就了解了计算机。

口语句子：

Sb is something.

注释：something在这里做名词用，表示“有本事才能的人”。这个句型用于称赞某人，可以翻译为：......真伟大（了不起）。

英语情景对话：

A: The trouble is not that. It is that he may suddenly remember something I promised him a couple of weeks ago, out of a clear blue sky. Then he complains that I have gone back on my words.

麻烦不在这儿，而在于他突然出人意料地想起两三周前我对他的承诺。然后就抱怨我言而无信。

B: Does he do that with his Dad? I mean, does he complain things to his father?

对他爸爸也这样吗？我是说他向他爸爸抱怨吗？

A: He never does, and in fact, he seldom communicates with him.

从不，事实上是他几乎不和他交谈。

B: But didn’t you say that his Dad takes him under his wings？

但是你不是说他的爸爸总是宠着他吗？

A: Yes, I did. He only takes side with him. He seldom asks what Dick is doing.

对，我是这样说的。不过他只是偏袒迪克，而很少过问他在干什么。

习语：

out of a clear blue sky

解词释义：

此语的字面意思是“从晴朗的蓝色天空中突然出现”，比喻为“在毫无预兆，事先没有打招呼的情况下突然发生”。其英文解释如下：if something happens out of the blue, it happens suddenly and you are not expecting it，它作为副词性短语。

支持范例：

Then one day, completely out of a clear blue sky , I had a letter from her.

后来有一天我突然接到她的一封来信。

The invasion came out of a clear blue sky and caught everyone off guard.

入侵突然袭来，弄得每个人措手不及。

拓展讲解：

此语也可以用作out of the blue。

支持范例：

The news was a great shock to me; it came absolutely out of the blue.

这个消息，对我是一个很大的打击，简直太突如其来了。

Jim was walking along the street, when a car came out of the blue and hit him.

吉姆在街上行走，冷不防一辆车闯出来，把他撞倒在地。

She arrived out of the blue.

她没有事先告知就来了。

The news of her marriage came out of the blue.

她结婚的消息来得很突然。

英语学习笔记：

1. go back on：违背（诺言，誓约等）

He's not the sort of man who would go back on his word.

他不是那种会食言的人。

Don't say yes at a meeting and go back on your words and say no after it.

不要开会时赞成，会后又反悔说不赞成。

When you make a promise, you must not go back on it.

当你许下诺言，你就不可失信。

I swear it. I won't go back on it.

我说话算数，我发誓决不食言。

2. take sb under one’s wings：溺爱某人，骄宠某人

Her mother was sure she would come to a bad end because of the way her husband took her under his wings.

她妈妈认为她的丈夫生那样娇惯她，她将来一定不会有什么好结果。

Rich though they, they refused to take their children under their wings.

虽然他们很有钱，他们不娇惯孩子。

These kids are well taken under their wings that they can't do anything by themselves.

这些孩子们太娇惯了，以致于他们不能独立做任何事情。

2. takes side (with)：支持（某一方），站在（某一边），偏袒

He prefers being neutral to taking sides.

他宁愿保持中立而不愿站在某一方。

I took Bob's side when I heard his account of the events.

我听了Bob的事情后，我支持他。

3. complain something to somebody：向某人抱怨某事

She complain the pressure of her job to him .

她向他抱怨工作压力沉重。

If you're going to complain working conditions to the boss , make sure you don't bite the hand that feeds you.

即使你准备向老板抱怨工作条件，你也一定不要恩将仇报。

I wasn't satisfied with our treatment at that hotel, so I shall complain it to the proprietor.

我不满意我们在那家旅馆受到的待遇，因此我要向旅馆老板投诉。

Each time his wife saw me, she would complain his sufferings to me .

华威太太每次遇到我，总是代替华威先生诉苦。

联想记忆：complain to somebody about something：想某人抱怨某事

4. communicate with：与......交流

I can communicate with foreigners easily.

我能轻松地和外国人沟通。

I communicate with him regularly by letter.

我们经常与他通信。

I've tried, but it's impossible to communicate with her.

我试过了，不过根本无法跟她沟通。

Deaf people communicate with sign language.

聋哑人通过手语与人交流。

英语情景对话：

A: Oh, you are out of breath! What’s happened?

哦，你上气不接下气，出什么事情了？

B: A gang of bastards are wildly shooting on the next street. We must leave this place the soonest.

一帮混蛋在街邻开枪了。我们得赶快离开这里。

A: That it easy. They get caught before they come here.

别担心，他们来不到这里就会被逮住的。

B: Stop your nonsense! Quick. Let’s leave the place!

胡说，赶快离开这里吧。

习语：

out of breath：上气不接下气

支持范例：

I'm out of breath after running up the stairs.

奔上楼梯我气喘吁吁。

He spoke so fast that he was out of breath.

他说得那么快, 都倒不过气来了。

All out of breath, she plumped down on a chair.

她上气不接下气,扑通倒在椅子上。

She was out of breath from climbing the stairs.

爬楼梯使她上气不接下气的。

英语学习笔记：

1. a gang of：一群，一帮

He conspired with a gang of criminals.

他与一伙罪犯勾结。

He was badly beaten up by a gang of thugs.

他被一帮暴徒打得死去活来。

The phone box was vandalized by a gang of youths.

那电话亭被一群少年歹徒故意破坏了。

A woman was attacked and robbed by a gang of youths.

有一妇女遭到一群青年的袭击和抢劫。

2. the soonest：最快

The soonest I can arrive is 3 P.M.

我最早会在下午3点到。

3. get caught：逮住，抓住

You didn't get caught last time, but don't push your luck!

上次没把你抓住, 可别再碰运气了!

You'll be for the high jump if you get caught cheating.

如果你作弊被抓到，你将一定会受到严厉的惩罚。

4. that it easy：放轻松，不要紧张

He was going to take it easy when he got back.

他回去以后，要过轻松的日子。

All a man got to do is to take it easy and he'll enjoy himself.

做人只要把心放开些，就能过得快活。

It's nice to sit down and take it easy after a hard day's work.

劳累了一天之后，能在这里坐下来，轻松一下，该多么愉快呀。

When the teacher found some of his students get nervous at the examination, he told them to take it easy.

老师发现一些学生考虑时焦急不安，就叫他们不要紧张。

英语情景对话：

A: Ann! Don’t you see the children are making so much noise here? Why don’t you keep them occupied and out their mother’s hair?

安！你没看见这些孩子在这里这么吵吗？你为什么不让它们做点什么事情，别人他们在这里烦他们的母亲！

B: OK! What about taking them outside and flying a kite.

好的！带他们出去放风筝如何？

A: Good idea! Well, Joan, I have something important to tell you.

好主意。那么，琼，我有重要的事情告诉你。

习语：out of one’s hair

双语释义：If you get someone out of your hair, you get them to stop bothering or annoying you. 译为：使某人不受打搅

语法用法：它作谓语时，通常和get连用，即：get out of one’s hair。跟它相近的一个短语是get someone out of one’s hair，意思是to stop annoying someone，译为“不打搅某人”。

支持范例：

She's been crying for hours. My God, how can I get her out of my hair!

她已哭了几小时了，我的天哪，我如何才能摆脱她对我的烦扰!

What do I have to do to get this guy out of my hair?

我做些什么让这个家伙不烦扰我呢？

Will you get out of my hair! You are a real pain.

你不要烦扰我，行吗？你真让头疼。

联想记忆：in one’s hair：不断地烦扰某人

支持范例：The children kept getting in my hair.

孩子们不停地惹恼我。

情景口语：

1. 表达让某人忙碌起来，做些事情，可以套用这个句型：

Sb keeps someone occupied.

注释：occupy的意思是“使忙碌，使从事”。例如：Only half her time is occupied with politics.

范例：The most important thing is to keep yourself occupied.

最重要的是你自己要使自己忙碌起来。

2. 表示征询对方意见，可以套用这个句型：

What about+名词（动名词）？

范例：What about making an early start?

早点开始怎样？

英语情景对话：

A: I hear that Tom got divorced, and I don’t know how he is now.

我听说Tom离婚了。

B: Out of sight, out of mind.

眼不见，心不烦。

A: Who do you mean?

此话怎讲？

B: Don’t you know they have had little affection for each other?

难道你不知道吗？他们夫妻感情一直不好。

习语：out of sight, out of mind

解词释义：If you do not see someone or something frequently, you will forget about it. (Sometimes used to imply that you will forget about people who have moved away.) 翻译为：眼不见，心不烦。

支持范例：

She promised to write when she moved to another state, but she hasn't.I suppose it's a case of being out of sight, out of mind.

她答应过到另一个州后会写信来的，可是她并没有写。我想这说明眼不见，心不想，不见到的人会很快被人忘了的。

My husband is very attentive when he's at home, but when he's away on business he never even thinks to phone me - out of sight out to mind.

我丈夫在家时对我很关心，但一出差从不想着给我打电话——真是眼不见，心不想。

You'll soon forget about him after he leaves - out of sight, out of mind.

他离开之后，你很快会忘却她的，眼不见，心不想。

英语学习笔记：

have affection for：对......有感情

讲解：对话中提到的是have little affection for each other意思是彼此之间几乎没有感情。注意affection做“感情”这个意思解释时，是不可数名词，也属于抽象性名词，在其前面可以加些修饰词有不同的意思。例如：have deep affection for each other（感情弥笃）， to have tender affection for sb. （怜爱）have genuine affection for sb.（真爱）等。

支持范例：Do you have sincere affection for him?

你真对他有意吗?

As I have already told you I have an instinctive affection for him, the source of which I cannot explain to you.

就象我已经跟你说过的，我对他有一种油然生发的爱，这种爱的来源我没法向你解释。

If you have any of your old affection for me, do what you can.

只要你对我还怀有一点点旧日的感情，你就尽力而为吧。

英语情景对话：

A: It is obvious that their government is nursing the hope of having all other countries over a barrel and bring them completely under their control.

很显然他们的政府存心想在经济上支配其他的国家并把其他的国家完全置于他们的控制之中。

B: It’s a typical of them to do so.

他们最爱这么干了。

A: Wen can we do?

我们能做些什么呢？

B: We must keep developing our economy and unite with other developing countries to fight against it.

我们必须发展自己的经济并和其他国家联合起来一起抵制这种趋势。

习语：

over a barrel

解词释义：

to put someone in a very difficult situation in which they have no choice about what they do，翻译为“受制于某人”，“使处于不利地位”。

语法用法：

这个习语通常和动词have或get连用，have someone over a barrel或者是get someone over a barrel。

支持范例：

I had to comply; she knew about my indiscretion and she had me over a barrel.

我不得不照做，她知道我不检点之处，因此我被她控制了。

During the negotiation the opposing faction had us over a barrel.

在谈判中，那个对抗的派别使我们一筹莫展。

英语学习笔记：

1. under control：处于控制下

讲解：这个短语做谓语可以和bring搭配，control前可以加物主代词，即：bring someone under one’s control。

范例：Eventually the fire was under control.

火势终于被控制住了。

He was angry; but with everybody present, he kept his temper under control.

他有些生气, 但当着大家的面不好发作。

He stood there, getting his face under control.

他站在那里，竭力控制脸上的表情。

He brought his passion under control.

他抑制住了愤怒。

2. keep doing something：不断地做某事

范例：If I don't nip it in the bud, he'll keep doing it.

如果我不防患于未然，他会继续干这种事的。

You'll have to keep working hard to stay ahead of the others.

要领先于其他人，你就必须不断努力工作。

Disregard the noise and keep working.

别管那噪音继续工作吧。

After another year you will have very good English skills, as long as you keep working at it.

只要你坚持练习，一年后你的英语就相当不错了。

3. fight against：对抗，抵抗

范例：His whole life is a fight against poverty and unemployment.

他的一生是与贫苦和失业斗争的一生。

He joined the underground to fight against the fascists.

他参加了地下组织与法西斯作战。

The two countries were leagued together to fight against another country.

这两个国家被结成同盟来对付另一个国家。

You will have to fight against difficulties.

你将不得不与困难作斗争。

英语情景对话：

A: I hear that Mary got mad.

我听说玛丽疯了。

B: So I heard.

我也听说了。

A: What’s wrong with her?

怎么搞的。

B: She went over the edge after her son was killed in an accident.

自从他儿子在车祸中丧生后，她就变疯了。

习语：

over the edge

解词释义：

into a condition of extreme emotional or mental suffering，译为：疯了地。

语法用法：

他通常和go搭配做谓语，即：go over the edge。Go在这里是系动词，意思是变得。

支持范例：

She went over the edge after all of her family were killed in an accident.

她的全家在事故中丧命以后，她又疯了。

I worry that her daughter as upset as she is could easily be pushed over the edge and cause herself great harm.

我担心她的女儿和她一样抑郁，这样很容易换上精神分裂症，给她自己造成极大的伤害。

英语学习笔记：

be wrong with：有问题，出故障

范例：I can't quite lay my finger on what's wrong with the engine.

我不能确切地说出引擎的毛病。

There' s something wrong with my eyes -- I can' t see properly.

我眼睛有毛病了--看不清楚了。

If you find anything wrong with the machine, you should put it right at once.

发现机器有故障，要及时排除。

He quickly ran home, looking as if there was something wrong with him.

他快步跑回家，看上去好像有什么事不对劲。

英语情景对话：

A: Saying you want to kill yourself, you terrified me out of my wits.

你说你要自杀，吓死我了。

B: I was playing a joke on you.

我跟你开玩笑的。

A: That’s too much.

那也太过分了。

B: Dear, forgive me. I won’t do that again.

亲爱的，原谅我，我再也不会那样了。

习语：

out of one’s wits

解词释义：

wit的意思是“智力，才智”。从字面意思来看，改习语的意思是“超出某人才智所能及的范围”，引申为“不知所措”或“精神错乱”之意。

支持范例：

The child was out of his wits with fright.

那孩子吓得茫然失措。

Mr. Lin was nearly out of his wits with anxiety. His heart thumped erratically.

林先生急得什么似的，心是卜卜地乱跳。

Never take me to a horror film again. I was scared out of my wits.

以后再也不要带我去看恐怖电影, 我简直被吓得魂不附体。

You'll drive me out of my wits if you go on behaving in this way.

你再这样下去真要把我逼疯了。

英语学习笔记：

play a joke on sb.：开某人的玩笑

范例：Don't play a joke on that old man any more. It's impolite.

要再跟那位老人开玩笑了。这太不礼貌了。

He winks at me to show that he is play a joke on the others.

他向我眨了眨一只眼, 意思是他正在开别人的玩笑。

One day they decided to play a joke on their professor.

一天他们决定跟这位教授开个玩笑。

One day, the boy decided to play a practical joke on the villagers.

一天，这个男孩想对那些村民来个恶作剧。

英语情景对话：

A: Betty was in hospital.

贝蒂住院了。

B: I know that. I met her last week, and she looked as pale as death.

我知道了，上周我遇到过她，她脸色白得吓人。

A: She suffers from cancer.

她得了癌症。

B: That’s too bad. She’s been so kind to us all.

太糟糕了，她对我们那么友好。

习语：

pale as death

解词释义：

pale指“面色苍白”，尤其是因为身体状态不好活收到刺激而引起的脸色苍白。Pale as death是一种夸张的说法，表示“极其苍白”“面无一丝血色”。

支持范例：

His face pale as death, and his lips trembling, he stammered out the dreadful news.

他脸色发白，双唇颤抖，结结巴巴地说出了这一可怕的消息。

Monsieur Hamel rose, pale as death, from his chair.

阿麦尔先生从椅子上站了起来，面色十分苍白。

He broke out in a sweat and fled from the room, his face as pale as death.

他冒出一身汗，逃出房间，面无人色。

You looked as pale as death when you went into hospital.

你进医院时面色苍白。

英语学习笔记：

1. suffer from：患上（疾病）

范例：I often suffer from unaccountable headaches.

我常莫名其妙地头疼。

I'm beginning to suffer from rheumatism, and at times I feel like a right old crock.

我开始患风湿病了，常感觉似乎真象一名老朽了。

You'll suffer from indigestion if you bolt down your food like that.

你那狼吞虎咽地吃东西，会得消化不良症的。

They may become more solitary and even suffer from certain mental illness.

他们可能变得孤僻甚至产生某些心理疾病。

2. in hospital：住院

范例：He ask for leave of absence to visit his mother in hospital.

他请假去探望住院的母亲。

He's still in hospital but out of danger.

他仍在住院, 但已脱离了危险。

He looked out some books for his friend in hospital.

他为住院的朋友挑选几本书。

He's been in hospital since his accident.

他从发生事故之后，一直在医院。

My wife' s in hospital our baby could arrive at any time.

我妻子住进了医院--我们的小宝宝随时都可能出生。

3. be kind to sb：对......慈善，对......友好

范例：She has the reputation of being kind to the poor.

她对待穷人仁慈，享有美誉。

It will pay to be kind to others.

好心会有好报。

My father' s philosophy is to work hard and be kind to others.

我父亲的处世哲学是：努力工作，与人为善。

She was very kind to the people she really liked.

对她真正喜欢的人，她是很客气的。

英语情景对话：

A: Mark is parade his knowledge again.

马克又在卖弄学问了。

B: Yeah! He’s very good at showing off his knowledge.

是啊，他总是善于炫耀。

A: A well-learned person never does that.

真正有学问的人不会这样做的。

习语：

parade one’s knowledge

解词释义：

parade有“炫耀，卖弄”的意思。改习语意为“炫耀，卖弄自己的知识”。改习语也可以用作make a parade of one’s knowledge.

支持范例：

A genuine scholar does not make a parade of his knowledge.

真正的学者不会夸示他的知识。

Don't make a parade of your knowledge in face of others, nor even look down upon those who abound in inherent weaknesses.

不要以自己的长处骄人，也不要轻看那些多有短处的人。

He's always parading his knowledge.

他老爱炫耀知识。

英语学习笔记：

1 be good at：擅长于......

范例：I am not good at sports, but I like to watch them.

我不擅于运动，但我喜欢看。

He is good at managing money matters.

他很会理财。

He is good at initiating projects but rarely follows through with anything.

他颇能提方案，但干什么事情都很少坚持到底。

He' s well-intentioned but not very good at getting things done.

他常常是好心办不出好事。

2 show off：炫耀，卖弄

范例：His show off only serves to show up his ignorance.

他的卖弄只不过暴露了他自己的无知。

She did a quick twirl to show off her dress.

她轻快地一转身,炫耀自己所穿的衣服。

They run around and talk and show off too much.

他们到处跑来跑去，吹牛，夸耀自己。

Although he wants to make a hit, I think he hasn't got much to show off.

虽然他想大出风头, 不过我以为他没有什么可炫耀的。

3 well-learned：真才实学的

范例：Ten years later he became a well-learned scholar and famous doctor.

十年后他成为了著名的学者和医生。

He's well-learned and full of dandy ideas.

他学习很好，并且有许多好主意。

英语情景对话：

A: Where is our son, dear?

亲爱的，我们的儿子在哪儿？

B: He is in his bedroom. He has been in a bad mood after school.

他在他自己的房间里，放学后他就一直心情不好。

A: What happened? Have you talked with him?

出什么事情了？你和他谈过没有？

B: Yeah. He told me that he has passed over in the election of monitor.

我问过他了，她说他没有当上班长。

习语：

pass over

释义1：If someone is passed over for a job or position, they do not get the job or position and someone younger or less experienced is chosen instead.指（任命或晋升时）跳过，不考虑。

支持范例：

She claimed she was repeatedly passed over for promotion.

她声称在晋升时自己被一次又一次地排除在外。

They've been rejected, disappointed, ignored, passed over.

他们遭到拒绝，满心失望，备受冷落，无人理会。

释义2： If you pass over a topic in a conversation or speech, you do not talk about it. 指（在谈话或演讲中）不提及，忽略，跳过。

支持范例：

He largely passed over the government's record.

他基本没有提及政府政绩。

They seem to think her crimes should be passed over in silence.

他们似乎认为应该对她的罪行保持沉默。

英语学习笔记：

1 in a bad mood：心情不好

范例：Watch your step today ; the boss is in a bad mood.

今天你小心点，老板情绪不好。

He was in a bad mood after his son had committed suicide.

他因儿子自杀而心情不好。

He's in a bad mood, so I'll make myself scarce.

他情绪不好, 我得躲着点。

The cancellation of the plan puts him in a bad mood.

计划的取消使他很不开心。

2 in the election：在竞选中

范例：He beat his opponent in the election.

他在选举中击败了对手。

He wanted to be governor, but in the election he missed by a mile.

他想当州长, 但在选举中惨败。

The news that he has been defeated in the election is not true.

他落选的消息不真实。

He was nosed out in the election by a younger man.

他在选举中以些许之差败给了一个较年轻的人。

英语情景对话：

A: I have puzzled my brain about how to teach the children.

教育孩子的事情真让我大伤脑经。

B: What is your problem?

你怎么啦？

A: My children can never be obedient even if I criticized them severely.

即使我严厉批评他们，他们也不听话。

B: You need not always do that. Why don’t you pat them on the back occasionally?

你不必总那么做，你何不偶尔也鼓励赞美他们一番呢？

习语：

pat on the back

解词释义：

pat做名词，意思是“轻拍”。此语源于人们对他人表示爱抚，赞赏或安慰时所作的动作。所以，a pat on the back意思为“赞扬”或“鼓励”。

语法用法：

它既可以做名词性短语，也可以做动词性短语。相关搭配有：pat sb on the back（给某人鼓励），give sb. a pat on the back（给某人鼓励），get a pat on the back（得到鼓励），deserve a pat on the back（应该得到赞赏或鼓励）等。

支持范例：

The teacher gave her a pat on the back after she did well in the exam.

她考得不错，老师表扬了她。

She receives a pat on the back for doing a good job.

她因表现良好而受赞美。

She deserves a pat on the back for all the hard work she's done.

她辛勤努力值得赞扬。

Pat yourself on the back when you succeed at something.

成功的时候要表扬自己。

英语学习笔记：

1. puzzle one’s brains：绞尽脑汁（以求解决某一问题）

范例：I'm puzzling my brains to find a way to keep head above water.

我绞尽脑汁想法不欠债。

He puzzled his brains to find the answer.

他绞尽脑汁以寻求答案。

Bob puzzled his brains, trying to remember where he left the book.

鲍勃绞尽脑汁试图回忆起书丢在何处。

And though she puzzled her brains, she could not come at his answer.

她绞尽脑汁，却仍然听不懂他的回答。

2. even if：即使，即便

范例：I wouldn't lose courage even if I should fail ten times.

即使要失败十次, 我也绝不灰心。

You must keep to the rules even if you think they're unfair.

尽管你认为这些规则不公正，但也得遵守。

Don't let down even if the going is good.

即便在顺利的情况下也不要松劲。

You shouldn't put on airs even if you were in charge.

即便你当头头,也不该摆架子。

英语情景对话：

A: I seldom heard the quarreling of her children.

我很少听见她的孩子吵架。

B: Why do you say that?

你为何这么说？

A: Because her children have been the age when they seem to quarrel all day long.

因为她的孩子正值整天要吵架的年龄。

B: Oh, I see. She told me that she had learned very quickly how to pour oil on troubled water, but not to pour oil on the flame.

哦，我明白了。她告诉我学会了一套调停争端的本事，而不是让事情进一步发展。

A: She is a cleaver mother.

她真是个聪明的妈妈。

习语：

pour oil on the flame

解词释义：

此语的字面意思是“把油浇在火焰上”，把油浇在火焰上，会使得火更大，更旺。因此，用之比喻“使怒气更盛”，“使争吵更加激烈”，“使事情更加糟糕”，我们中文中说的“火上加油”也正是这个英文表达。也可以用作pour the oil on the flames。

支持范例：

It poured the oil on the flame to him to be told that he was reaping the consequences.

说他自食其果，更是火上加油。

They poured the oil in secret, prompting me to revenge.

他们暗地里火上加油，激励我报复。

She is more than irritated now, don't pour oil on the flame!

她现在已火冒三丈了，别再火上加油了！

同类表达：

stir the coals/blow the coals

英语学习笔记：

1. pour oil on the trouble water：平息风波，息事宁人

范例：If you see two people quarreling, you should try to pour oil on the trouble water, not add furl to the flames.

如果你看到两个人正在吵架，你应当尽力排解纠纷，而不是火上加油。

2. all day long：整天

范例：He nagged (at) her all day long.

他一天到晚地说她。

Rain fell from the heavens all day long.

整天都下着雨。

Doing anything all day long will come to nothing but get us bored.

整天做一件事只会把人弄烦。

英语情景对话：

A: I cannot stay here any more minutes.

我无法在此多呆一分钟。

B: What is wrong with you?

怎么了？

A: Tom is making so much noise. I have not a bit of peace and quiet all evening.

汤姆闹出很大的噪音，整个晚上我都无片刻安宁。

B: You can talk with him.

你可以找他谈谈呀。

习语：

peace and quiet：安宁

支持范例：

Tonight I want to have some peace and quiet.

今晚我想安安静静地休息一下。

Let’s enjoy a few hours of peace and quiet.

我们一起享受些安闲平静的时刻吧。

I'm going to the library for some peace and quiet.

我要去图书馆找个和平与宁静的地方。

What a fair treat to get into the peace and quiet of the country!

置身于安静的乡间多么令人愉快啊！

英语学习笔记：

make noise：吵闹叫嚷，发出噪音

范例：The teacher had just left the room when the boy started to make noise .

老师刚离开教室学生便开始吵闹起来。

Don't make such a harsh noise. My ears are tingling.

别这样刺耳地吵，我都震聋了。

Don't make any noise while others are reading.

在别人看书的时候不要吵闹。

Don't make noise in the study, or father will get angry.

不要在书房里制造噪音，否则父亲会生气。

2. a bit of：一点儿......

范例：I think she might have lost a bit of weight.

我想她体重可能减轻了一些。

I've a bit of headache. It's nothing much, though.

我有一点头痛，不过并不厉害。

Don't rely on his memory, he's a bit of a dreamer.

不要相信他的记忆力－－他有点神不守舍的。

I think Richard has taken a bit of a shine to you.

我觉得理查德有点喜欢上你了。

3. all evening：整个晚上

范例：He sat in a corner and said nothing all evening.

他坐在角落里, 整晚一句话也没说。

She has been sewing all evening.

她整个晚上都在缝纫。

He sat there all evening like a great gowk.

整个晚上他都坐在那儿像一个大呆子一样。

They left the baby at home, unattended all evening.

他们把那婴儿留在家里, 整晚无人照料。

英语情景对话：

A: I want to try my hand at the stocks.

我想试试搞股票。

B: It is very hard, you know.

要知道，那是很难的。

A: Don’t worry. I know there are no pennies from heaven. I will work hard.

别担心，我知道没有天上掉馅饼的好事儿，我会努力工作的。

B: Good luck!

祝你走运！

习语：

pennies from the heaven：意外的收获，天上掉馅饼

支持范例：

What we need now is pennies from heaven.

我们现在需要的是意外之财。

God would rain pennies down from heaven!

上帝会从天上大量地洒落金钱。

英语学习笔记：

try one’s hand ( at )：尝试做......

范例：I think I would try my hand at tennis although I have never played it before.

我虽然没打过网球，但我想一定要尝试一下。

I will try my prentice hand at it.

我无经验，但愿一试。

英语情景对话：

A: He is penny wise and pound-foolish.

他这个人小处精明，大处糊涂。

B: Why do you say so?

怎么这样说他。

A: The trash of the world he sets high price upon, but the heavenly things he shamefully undervalues.

对废物估价太高，对珍品却呲之以鼻。

B: Maybe all of us are the same.

或许我们都大同小异。

习语：

penny wise and pound-foolish

解词释义：

此语的意思是指小处精明，大处浪费，明于小事而昧于大事。其英文解释为：unwise because doing something small now would prevent much more trouble later。

支持范例：

Education budget cuts are penny wise and pound foolish ——public education is an investment in our future.

教育预算削减是明于小事而昧于大事，因为学校教育是我们将来的一项投资。

Asking the workers not to make private phone calls from the office is not likely to reduce the firm’s losses, it is just being penny wise and pound-foolish.

要工作人员不在办公室打私人电话不大可能减少企业的亏损，那只是打小段盘而忽略大处。

英语学习笔记：

set high price (upon)：在......设置高价格

范例：You remember the child who set a high price on this picture?

你还记得那个买这幅画要了高价的孩子吗？

He set a high price on his services.

他把服务费用定得很高。

She has set a high price on the fashion dress so that nobody want to buy it.

她把这款时尚的裙子的价位定得太高了，因此没有人想去买。

英语情景对话：

A: I have no idea about what to do.

我不知道下一步怎么办。

B: Maybe you can pick Mary’s brains now. She knows a lot about stocks.

也许你可以挖挖玛丽脑筋里的东西，她对股票很在行。

A: Let me have a try.

我去试试吧。

习语：

pick someone’s brains

解词释义：

to ask for information or advice from someone who knows more about a subject than you do，翻译为“剽窃或窃取别人的智力成果 ”。

支持范例：

I'd love to pick your brains about computers - you seem to be the expert around here.

我要玩玩你脑袋里电脑的知识，你在这儿似乎是电脑专家呀。

Do you mind if I pick your brains on a minor legal matter?

我想向你讨教一个小小的法律问题，行吗？

He refused to prepare for the exam,but counted on being able to pick his roommate's brains.

他不肯准备考试,仗着他能够向室友请教。

I've come to pick your brains.

我是来讨教你的专门知识的。

英语学习笔记：

1. know a lot about：对......知之甚多

范例：You seem to know a lot about him.

你好像很了解他。

It means you know a lot about movies and you have seen quite a large number of them.

你很懂电影并且看过很多片子。

I don’t know a lot about China yet, but Im eager to learn.

我对中国还不太了解，但我很想知道。

It seems you know quite a lot about it. I'd better ask for your advice when I have the chance.

看来你知道的真不少，有机会得好好向你请教。

2. have a try：试一试

范例：If you can' t open the box, can I have a try ?

如果你打不开这个箱子，我能试一试吗？

I will have a try even though I should fail.

哪怕失败，我也要试一下。

Don't slight a penny. Have a try to know how it is earned.

不要小看一分钱。不妨自己去挣挣看。

Why not have a try? Maybe you will lose a good chance.

为什么不试试？没准儿你放跑了一个大好机会。

3. have no idea：不知道

范例：We have no idea how to persuade him to give up the idea.

我们不知道如何说服他放弃这个念头。

That' s a difficult question ; I have no idea of the answer.

这是一个难题，我想不出答案。

If you have no idea about it, consult a dictionary, please.

要是你对这个问题不清楚, 请你查字典得了。

I have no idea why he resigned his post.

我不知道他为何辞去他的职务。

英语情景对话：

A: We quarreled yesterday, and he picked up and left.

昨天我们吵架了，他卷起铺盖走了。

B: Terrible! Does he want to divorce?

太可怕了，他想离婚吗？

A: I am not sure.

我不知道。

B: Don’t lose your reason. Go to find him and talk with him.

别犯糊涂了，去找他好好谈一谈。

习语：pick up and left 卷起铺盖走了